Blum, J., Eskandarian, A., and Hoffman, L. (2003) "An Improved Communications Architecture for ITS Networks", Minneapolis, MN: Intelligent Transportation Society of America 2003.

Abstract: An Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) communications architecture is emerging with ITS-specific standards for several layers of the International Standards Organization Open Systems Interconnections (OSI) communications reference model. However, these standards neither fully leverage the advantages of a standards-based architecture, nor fully address ITS-specific security and networking requirements. This paper rectifies these shortcomings by describing a reorganization of the emerging standards and the addition of protocols for two additional OSI layers. The result is an improved communications architecture for ITS networks.

The first objective of this work is to find an alternative of molecular dynamics (MD) simulation in obtaining the same information as (1) statistical physical properties, (2) their correlations and (3) their evolution in time. From an atomistic model, all the instantaneous and averaged field properties will be analytically derived. The correlations of those properties and the evolutions in time will be obtained and rewritten in terms of averaged field quantities. This then arrives at an atomistic-model-embedded field theory including field quantities, conservation laws and constitutive relations. The theory describes continuum homogeneous lattice deformation from nano- to macro-scale, non-continuum and inhomogeneous atomic motion below nano-scale. It overlaps a quite large application region of molecular dynamics simulation, properly contains modern continuum theory, and retains the fundamental dynamic feature of atoms. Its material parameters can be obtained from the atomistic formulation and can be further verified through phonon dispersion relations. The applicability of the multiscale theory will be demonstrated through computer simulations.